A movement framework for older adults; application of the geriatric 5Ms

Review written by Dr Mariana Wingood info

Key Points

  1. Using the Geriatric 5Ms and a movement analysis improves the evaluation and intervention planning processes for physical therapy care and management of older adults.
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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

The Academy of Geriatric Physical Therapy (APTA Geriatrics) examined existing models that provide a foundation for Geriatric care. The models they identified often emphasize the immediate medical concerns prompting referral rather than considering the broader, multifaceted factors influencing function and overall well-being (1). These models also fail to consider the integration of medical, cognitive, pharmacological, and psychosocial complexities that define geriatric care (2).

Thus, we need a model that prioritizes a holistic and movement-centered perspective tailored to the unique and individualized challenges older adults face. A solution that was identified was the Movement Framework for Older Adults (MFOA). The MFOA enhances geriatric physical therapy by integrating the Geriatric 5Ms—Mind, Mobility, Medication, Multicomplexity, and what Matters Most—into the evaluative process, ensuring a holistic approach that addresses the multifaceted needs of older adults. This framework bridges gaps in existing models and emphasizes the importance of movement as a fundamental determinant of function and health.

The objective of this study was to introduce the MFOA as an advancement in geriatric physical therapy practice, addressing the gaps in existing frameworks and promoting the importance of movement as a foundational aspect of function and health.

The current models of Geriatric care emphasize the immediate medical concerns prompting referral rather than considering the broader, multifaceted factors influencing function and overall well-being.
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The physical therapist is recommended to choose interventions to address identified problems, considering patient/caregiver priorities, challenges, and preferences.

METHODS

This special issue paper is written by the Geriatric Movement System Task Force of the American Physical Therapy Association’s Academy of Geriatrics, who developed the MFOA. This 7-member task force includes experts in geriatrics, neurologic, and orthopedic physical therapy, and

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