Subject-specific biomechanics influences tendon strains in patients with Achilles tendinopathy

Key Points

1. Progression of exercises can be based on the results of lower > higher tendon strain.

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BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE

Achilles tendinopathy is a complex condition affecting both active and less active individuals, typically involving active inflammatory mechanisms triggering degeneration of the tendon. Current rehabilitation focuses on reducing pain through targeted loading via various exercises. However, it's unclear if these exercises provide the optimal tendon strain needed for adaptation.

Tendon morphology and mechanical properties vary between individuals and are altered in tendinopathy, impacting how strain is distributed. Research has identified how the three muscles comprising the Triceps Surae contribute to the Achilles tendon through three sub-tendons – Soleus, lateral and medial Gastrocnemius (1).

This study assessed tendon strains, in these sub-tendons, during various rehab exercises in people with Achilles tendinopathy, aiming to rank them and examine how muscle forces and material properties and geometry influence internal tendon strain.

Achilles tendinopathy is a complex condition affecting both active and less active individuals, typically involving active inflammatory mechanisms triggering degeneration of the tendon.

I would use the results of the study as a good progression of exercises with the higher strain exercises being chosen only for those individuals who will need to cope with this level.

METHODS

A total of 21 participants with Achilles tendinopathy were recruited. Ultrasound imaging was completed to create a 3D model of the tendon structure prior to specialist processing to create an individualized 3D geometry of the tendon.

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